Search results for "theory [gamma rays]"
showing 10 items of 976 documents
On computing the degree of convexity of polyominoes
2015
In this paper we present an algorithm which has as input a convex polyomino $P$ and computes its degree of convexity, defined as the smallest integer $k$ such that any two cells of $P$ can be joined by a monotone path inside $P$ with at most $k$ changes of direction. The algorithm uses space $O(m + n)$ to represent a polyomino $P$ with $n$ rows and $m$ columns, and has a running time $O(min(m; r k))$, where $r$ is the number of corners of $P$. Moreover, the algorithm leads naturally to a decomposition of $P$ into simpler polyominoes.
DEFECT THEOREMS FOR TREES
2000
We generalize different notions of a rank of a set of words to sets of trees. We prove that almost all of those ranks can be used to formulate a defect theorem. However, as we show, the prefix rank forms an exception.
Non-self-adjoint resolutions of the identity and associated operators
2013
Closed operators in Hilbert space defined by a non-self-adjoint resolution of the identity $$\{X(\lambda )\}_{\lambda \in {\mathbb R}}$$ , whose adjoints constitute also a resolution of the identity, are studied. In particular, it is shown that a closed operator $$B$$ has a spectral representation analogous to the familiar one for self-adjoint operators if and only if $$B=\textit{TAT}^{-1}$$ where $$A$$ is self-adjoint and $$T$$ is a bounded inverse.
An exact and efficient approach for computing a cell in an arrangement of quadrics
2006
AbstractWe present an approach for the exact and efficient computation of a cell in an arrangement of quadric surfaces. All calculations are based on exact rational algebraic methods and provide the correct mathematical results in all, even degenerate, cases. By projection, the spatial problem is reduced to the one of computing planar arrangements of algebraic curves. We succeed in locating all event points in these arrangements, including tangential intersections and singular points. By introducing an additional curve, which we call the Jacobi curve, we are able to find non-singular tangential intersections. We show that the coordinates of the singular points in our special projected plana…
Functional Calculus and Fredholm Criteria for Boundary Value Problems on Noncompact Manifolds
1992
A Boutet de Monvel type calculus is developed for boundary value problems on (possibly) noncompact manifolds. It is based on a class of weighted symbols and Sobolev spaces. If the underlying manifold is compact, one recovers the standard calculus. The following is proven:
On spectra of geometric operators on open manifolds and differentiable groupoids
2001
We use a pseudodifferential calculus on differentiable groupoids to obtain new analytical results on geometric operators on certain noncompact Riemannian manifolds. The first step is to establish that the geometric operators belong to a pseudodifferential calculus on an associated differentiable groupoid. This then leads to Fredholmness criteria for geometric operators on suitable noncompact manifolds, as well as to an inductive procedure to compute their essential spectra. As an application, we answer a question of Melrose on the essential spectrum of the Laplace operator on manifolds with multicylindrical ends.
Homotopy limits for 2-categories
2008
AbstractWe study homotopy limits for 2-categories using the theory of Quillen model categories. In order to do so, we establish the existence of projective and injective model structures on diagram 2-categories. Using these results, we describe the homotopical behaviour not only of conical limits but also of weighted limits. Finally, pseudo-limits are related to homotopy limits.
A class of nilpotent Lie algebras admitting a compact subgroup of automorphisms
2017
Abstract The realification of the ( 2 n + 1 ) -dimensional complex Heisenberg Lie algebra is a ( 4 n + 2 ) -dimensional real nilpotent Lie algebra with a 2-dimensional commutator ideal coinciding with the centre, and admitting the compact algebra sp ( n ) of derivations. We investigate, in general, whether a real nilpotent Lie algebra with 2-dimensional commutator ideal coinciding with the centre admits a compact Lie algebra of derivations. This also gives us the occasion to revisit a series of classic results, with the expressed aim of attracting the interest of a broader audience.
Spectral invariance, ellipticity, and the Fredholm property for pseudodifferential operators on weighted Sobolev spaces
1992
The pseudodifferential operators with symbols in the Grushin classes \~S inf0 supρ,δ , 0 ≤ δ < ρ ≤ 1, of slowly varying symbols are shown to form spectrally invariant unital Frecher-*-algebras (Ψ*-algebras) in L(L 2(R n )) and in L(H γ st ) for weighted Sobolev spaces H infγ sup defined via a weight d function γ. In all cases, the Fredholm property of an operator can be characterized by uniform ellipticity of the symbol. This gives a converse to theorems of Grushin and Kumano-Ta-Taniguchi. Both, the spectrum and the Fredholm spectrum of an operator turn out to be independent of the choices of s, t and γ. The characterization of the Fredholm property by uniform ellipticity leads to an index …
Spatial Search on Grids with Minimum Memory
2015
We study quantum algorithms for spatial search on finite dimensional grids. Patel et al. and Falk have proposed algorithms based on a quantum walk without a coin, with different operators applied at even and odd steps. Until now, such algorithms have been studied only using numerical simulations. In this paper, we present the first rigorous analysis for an algorithm of this type, showing that the optimal number of steps is $O(\sqrt{N\log N})$ and the success probability is $O(1/\log N)$, where $N$ is the number of vertices. This matches the performance achieved by algorithms that use other forms of quantum walks.